CARBON, THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT AND CLIMATE
The greenhouse effect is a natural and even necessary phenomenon, by which some of the heat from the sun’s rays is retained by certain gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane. This helps the Earth maintain a habitable temperature for all its ecosystems. However, due to the massive production of CO2 resulting from human activity and population growth, this heat-trapping process has intensified, increasing our planet’s surface temperature. This is the main cause of climate change, which has led to a greater frequency of extreme and devastating environmental events, which include floods, storms, forest fires and droughts. Ultimately, the survival of the world’s ecosystems is at stake.